An kivétel egy nem kívánt és váratlan hiba a programban. Legtöbbször akkor fordul elő kivétel, ha hiba van a kódunkban, de kezelhető. Megzavarja a kód normál áramlását.
Például a kód kivételt dob, ha a felhasználó érvénytelen információt adott meg, ha a kód nem tudja beolvasni a távoli helyen található fájlt, vagy ha a hálózati kapcsolat megszakad a kommunikáció közepén.
IllegalStateException a Java nyelven
IllegalStateException a RuntimeException osztály alosztálya, ezért ez egy ellenőrizetlen kivétel. A programozó vagy az API fejlesztő kifejezetten felvetette. Akkor dobja ki, ha egy metódushívás illegális, vagy egy metódust nem megfelelő időben hívják meg.
Például, ha egyszer elindítunk egy szálat, nem tudjuk újraindítani ugyanazt a szálat; ha megpróbáljuk ezt megtenni, akkor futásidejű kivételt dob, pl. IllegalStateException .
A kivétel lehet általában akkor merülnek fel a kódban, amikor a Collections keretrendszerrel dolgozunk. A List, Queue, Maps, Tree néhány gyűjtemény. Ezek közül a List és a Queues hajlamosak az illegális állapot kivételét a konkrét feltételekre dobni.
Megjegyzés: Az IllegalStateException kivétel nem csak a Collections keretrendszerre korlátozódik.
Lássunk néhány forgatókönyvet, ahol a IllegalStateException dobják majd.
1. példa:
A következő Java program azt a helyzetet mutatja be, amikor megpróbáljuk meghívni a start() metódust, amikor a run() metódus már fut.
java tömb rendezve
IllegalStateExceptionTest1.java
// importing necessary packages import java.io.*; import java.util.*; // creating a new thread in NewThread class by extending Thread class // below class is acts as a helper class class NewThread extends Thread { // declaring the run() method // executes 3 times using for loop public void run() { for (int i = 0; i <3; i++) { displaying the text system.out.println('this is example of illegalstateexception'); } creating main class public illegalstateexceptiontest1 method static void main(string[] args) object above helper newthread t="new" newthread(); starting created thread using start() t.start(); thread'); again when it already running this gives an exception < pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <img src="//techcodeview.com/img/java-tutorial/19/how-resolve-illegalstateexception-java.webp" alt="How to resolve IllegalStateException in Java"> <h3>Example 2:</h3> <p>The following code depicts the situation where we call the start() method on a thread when the execution of run() method is over.</p> <p> <strong>IllegalStateExceptionTest2.java</strong> </p> <pre> // importing necessary packages import java.io.*; import java.util.*; // creating a new thread in NewThread class by extending Thread class // below class is acts as a helper class class NewThread extends Thread { // declaring the run() method // executes 3 times using for loop public void run() { for (int i = 0; i <3; i++) { displaying the text system.out.println('this is example of illegalstateexception'); } creating main class public illegalstateexceptiontest2 method static void main(string[] args) object above helper newthread t="new" newthread(); starting created thread using start() t.start(); try system.out.println('main going to sleep'); putting on sleep for 4000ms t.sleep(4000); awaken'); catch (exception e) system.out.println(e); message thread'); calling over a dead this also gives an exception < pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <img src="//techcodeview.com/img/java-tutorial/19/how-resolve-illegalstateexception-java-2.webp" alt="How to resolve IllegalStateException in Java"> <h3>Example 3:</h3> <p>The following code explains the situation where we are using the remove() method to remove the element from the ArrayList, before moving to the first element.</p> <p> <strong>IllegalStateExceptionTest3.java</strong> </p> <pre> // importing necessary packages import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.ListIterator; // creating the main class public class IllegalStateExceptionTest3 { // main method public static void main(String args[]) { // instantiating the object of ArrayList ArrayList list = new ArrayList(); // adding elements to the ArrayList list.add('Nirnay'); list.add('Anu'); list.add('Swara'); list.add('Pavan'); // creating the iterator object to iterate the list ListIterator it = list.listIterator(); // removing the element without moving to first position // gives an exception it.remove(); } } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <img src="//techcodeview.com/img/java-tutorial/19/how-resolve-illegalstateexception-java-3.webp" alt="How to resolve IllegalStateException in Java"> <h2>Solution for the IllegalStateException</h2> <p>To avoid the <strong>java.lang.IllegalStateException</strong> in Java we should take care that any method in our code cannot be called at inappropriate or illegal time.</p> <p> <strong>Solution for example 1 and 2:</strong> </p> <p>Consider the above example 1 and 2 where we have called the start() method more than once. If we call it only once, we will not get this exception. Because start() method is not called after starting the thread.</p> <p> <strong>IllegalStateExceptionSolution.java</strong> </p> <pre> // importing necessary packages import java.io.*; import java.util.*; // creating a new thread in NewThread class by extending Thread class // below class is acts as a helper class class NewThread extends Thread { // declaring the run() method // executes 3 times using for loop public void run() { for (int i = 0; i <3; i++) { displaying the text system.out.println('this is example of illegalstateexception'); } creating main class public illegalstateexceptionsolution method static void main(string[] args) object above helper newthread t="new" newthread(); starting created thread using start() t.start(); try system.out.println('main going to sleep'); putting on sleep for 4000ms t.sleep(4000); awaken'); catch (exception e) system.out.println(e); message thread'); we do not call again < pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <img src="//techcodeview.com/img/java-tutorial/19/how-resolve-illegalstateexception-java-4.webp" alt="How to resolve IllegalStateException in Java"> <p> <strong>Solution for Example 3:</strong> </p> <p>The remove() method of the ArrayList class is used to remove the last element after calling the next() method.</p> <ul> <li>After removing element at current index we have to move next element to remove it. (for every call of the next() method, we have to invoke the remove() method only once).</li> <li>As the initial position of list will be before the first element, we cannot call the remove() method without calling the next() method.</li> </ul> <p>In order to prevent the exception we need to follow the above steps in our Java code.</p> <p> <strong>IllegalStateExceptionSolution2.java</strong> </p> <pre> // importing necessary packages import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.ListIterator; // creating the main class public class IllegalStateExceptionSolution2 { // main method public static void main(String args[]) { // instantiating the object of ArrayList ArrayList list = new ArrayList(); // adding elements to the ArrayList list.add('Nirnay'); list.add('Anu'); list.add('Swara'); list.add('Pavan'); // creating the iterator object to iterate the list ListIterator it = list.listIterator(); // using the next() method before remove() it.next(); // removing the element without moving to first position it.remove(); // displaying new ArrayList System.out.println('List after removing the first element: ' + list); } } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <img src="//techcodeview.com/img/java-tutorial/19/how-resolve-illegalstateexception-java-5.webp" alt="How to resolve IllegalStateException in Java"> <hr></3;></pre></3;></pre></3;> Kimenet:
Megoldás az IllegalStateException esetére
Hogy elkerüljük a java.lang.IllegalStateException Java-ban ügyelnünk kell arra, hogy a kódunkban szereplő bármely metódus ne hívható meg nem megfelelő vagy illegális időben.
gépirat mindegyikhez
Megoldás például 1 és 2:
Tekintsük a fenti 1. és 2. példát, ahol a start() metódust többször is meghívtuk. Ha csak egyszer hívjuk meg, nem kapjuk meg ezt a kivételt. Mert a start() metódus nem kerül meghívásra a szál indítása után.
IllegalStateExceptionSolution.java
// importing necessary packages import java.io.*; import java.util.*; // creating a new thread in NewThread class by extending Thread class // below class is acts as a helper class class NewThread extends Thread { // declaring the run() method // executes 3 times using for loop public void run() { for (int i = 0; i <3; i++) { displaying the text system.out.println(\'this is example of illegalstateexception\'); } creating main class public illegalstateexceptionsolution method static void main(string[] args) object above helper newthread t="new" newthread(); starting created thread using start() t.start(); try system.out.println(\'main going to sleep\'); putting on sleep for 4000ms t.sleep(4000); awaken\'); catch (exception e) system.out.println(e); message thread\'); we do not call again < pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <img src="//techcodeview.com/img/java-tutorial/19/how-resolve-illegalstateexception-java-4.webp" alt="How to resolve IllegalStateException in Java"> <p> <strong>Solution for Example 3:</strong> </p> <p>The remove() method of the ArrayList class is used to remove the last element after calling the next() method.</p> <ul> <li>After removing element at current index we have to move next element to remove it. (for every call of the next() method, we have to invoke the remove() method only once).</li> <li>As the initial position of list will be before the first element, we cannot call the remove() method without calling the next() method.</li> </ul> <p>In order to prevent the exception we need to follow the above steps in our Java code.</p> <p> <strong>IllegalStateExceptionSolution2.java</strong> </p> <pre> // importing necessary packages import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.ListIterator; // creating the main class public class IllegalStateExceptionSolution2 { // main method public static void main(String args[]) { // instantiating the object of ArrayList ArrayList list = new ArrayList(); // adding elements to the ArrayList list.add('Nirnay'); list.add('Anu'); list.add('Swara'); list.add('Pavan'); // creating the iterator object to iterate the list ListIterator it = list.listIterator(); // using the next() method before remove() it.next(); // removing the element without moving to first position it.remove(); // displaying new ArrayList System.out.println('List after removing the first element: ' + list); } } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <img src="//techcodeview.com/img/java-tutorial/19/how-resolve-illegalstateexception-java-5.webp" alt="How to resolve IllegalStateException in Java"> <hr></3;> Kimenet:
